Módulo Microbiologia Humana: teste de avaliação

23 Março 2021, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

Avaliação dos conhecimentos.

Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: apresentação de antigenos, anticorpos e desenvolvimento de vacinas

16 Março 2021, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

Antigen presentation MHCI and II and vaccine development  

Antigen presenting cells. Dendritic cells the professional APC The Major histocompability system type I and II Endogenous and exogenous antigens. Cross presentation. Co-receptors: the three signals for T cell activationTh1 and Th2 lymphocytes.  CD4 sub-sets 

Presentation of adaptive immunity,Antibodies: opsonization and neutralizing 

Vaccines and HIV (Immunodeficiencies)
- Discussion on aspects of adaptive immunity applied to therapy:

- Immunotherapies with antibodies
- Therapeutic and preventive vaccines

Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: estratégias evasivas em macrófagos por patogenos intracelulares

9 Março 2021, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

 Macrophage evasion strategies of pathogens 

“Why phagocytosis needs not be a degrading experience for Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium tuberculosis?”

First part: Legionella An environmental microorganism an accidental human pathogen

History, outbreak reports; Disease, microbiology, virulence determinantsLegionella in the environment: biofilms and life cycle; Intracellular features in amoebae: diversion from the endocytic pathway, LVC, OMVAn accidental human pathogen. Infection of alveolar macrophagesOverview of the immune response; Infection Control via autophagy and type I and II IFNs; Uncontrolled infection extensive inflammation and infiltrative pneumonia

Second part: Tuberculosis

1.the disease, overview of the immune response

2. Phagosome maturation blockade by M. tuberculosis

3. Macrophage, DC killing effectors for M. tuberculosis

4. targeting host cathepsins

5. targeting host microRNAs

6. Control through programmed cell death and inflammation:

Inflammasome activation by Koch’s bacilli

7. Concluding remarks: strategies for vaccine development and Host directed therapies

Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: Estratégias invasivas de enteropatogenos

2 Março 2021, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

Invasive strategies of enteropathogens: invading the epithelia   

• Invading epithelial cells: Listeria, Yersinia, Shigella and Salmonella
• Intracellular pathogens: internalization step in epithelia an invasive process
• The actin Cytoskeleton was the first target investigated during Listeria infection. Microfilaments and cell-to-cell junctions.
• Listeria the first multifactorial model: internalization, endosomal escape, actin comets, autophagy and mitochondria fragmentation
• Yersinia and invasive phagocytosis in epithelia and impairment the phagocytic capacities of macrophages/cell death. T3SS and YOPs. Differences  of enteropathogenic Yersinia spp with Y. pestis
• Macropinocytic internalization of Shigella and Salmonella. T3SS.
• Shigella virulence determinants, intracellular trafficking, escape to autophagy and local inflammation.
• Salmonella SPI-1 and 2, invasion and establishment of intracellular niches. Overcoming microbiota and the inflammatory response. Differences between typhoid and non typhoid species.

Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: Microrganismos na saúde e na doença: barreiras à invasão, microbiota e disbiose

23 Fevereiro 2021, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

 Surface barriers and phagocytic cells that patrols epithelia. 

1 Phagocytic cells: neutrophils (NETs) .

2 Phagocytic cells: macrophages; the endocytic pathway and the microbicidal effectors

3 Dendritic cells and Innate lymphoid cells.  

4 External barriers and innate mechanisms .

5Mucosae: metaplasia cells; mucins; tight junctions and barrier disruption Surface barriers and phagocytic cells that patrols epithelia 

6 Microorganisms in health and disease: Microbiota in homeostasis and dysbiosis during infections. Relation with ILC, Th17 and T-Regs