Sumários

Geometric Optics. Imaging systems. Ray transfer matrix.

23 Setembro 2026, 08:30 • José Figueiredo

Geometric Optics. Imaging systems. Ray transfer matrix

Image formation by mirrors – ray diagram

Image formation by mirrors - sign convention for reflection

Image formation by lenses - sign convention for refraction

Image formation by a single lens – ray diagram

Perfect Imaging conditions.

Examples of stigmatic systems - perfect Imaging by conic sections

Gaussian optics and paraxial optics. paraxial approximation.

Gaussian geometric optics - sign convention

Gaussian Imaging by a Single Spherical Surface

Ray transfer matrix

Ray vectors e ray matrices

Gaussian Imaging by a Spherical Surface using ray matrix

The Lens Matrix

Paraxial Rays and ABCD Matrices: composite optical system

Homework.

The lab activities start Monday, 28th.

21 Setembro 2026, 11:00 • José Figueiredo

The lab activities start Monday, 28th.

Geometric optics, wave and electromagnetic models of light. Ray optics. Imaging systems.

21 Setembro 2026, 10:00 • José Figueiredo

Overview of how light works in physics: what light is and the basic rules of how light rays travel and bounce or bend through different media. Wave equation. Linear and non-linear optics. Monochromatic plane waves. Spherical waves. Refractive Index and Propagation Constans. Irradiance and Poynting Vector. Helmholtz equation. Real and Ideal Gaussian Beams. Far field divergence. Power in a Gaussian Beam. Eikonal equation. Fermat's principle of least time. Limits of geometric optics. Optical path length. Ray optics. Imaging systems. Linear Magnification. Angular Magnification. Microscope magnification. Telescope angular magnification.

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21 Setembro 2026, 08:00 • João Miguel Pinto Coelho

Lab classes will begin only on the week of the 28th of september.

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18 Setembro 2026, 10:30 • João Miguel Pinto Coelho

Lab classes will begin only on the week of the 28th of september.