Avaliação do módulo Microbiologia Humana

12 Abril 2022, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

Avaliação do módulo Microbiologia Humana

AULA Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: estratégias evasivas em macrófagos por patogenos intracelulares: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

5 Abril 2022, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

 Macrophage evasion strategies of pathogens 

“Why phagocytosis needs not be a degrading experience for Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium tuberculosis?”

First part: Legionella An environmental microorganism an accidental human pathogen

History, outbreak reports; Disease, microbiology, virulence determinantsLegionella in the environment: biofilms and life cycle; Intracellular features in amoebae: diversion from the endocytic pathway, LVC, OMVAn accidental human pathogen. Infection of alveolar macrophagesOverview of the immune response; Infection Control via autophagy and type I and II IFNs; Uncontrolled infection extensive inflammation and infiltrative pneumonia

Second part: Tuberculosis

1.the disease, overview of the immune response

2. Phagosome maturation blockade by M. tuberculosis

3. targeting host cathepsins

4. targeting host microRNAs

5. Control through programmed cell death and inflammation:

Inflammasome activation by Koch’s bacilli

6. Concluding remarks: strategies for Host directed therapies

4 AULA Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: estratégias evasivas em macrófagos por patogenos intracelulares: Legionella

29 Março 2022, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

 Macrophage evasion strategies of pathogens 

“Why phagocytosis needs not be a degrading experience for Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium tuberculosis?”

First part: Legionella An environmental microorganism an accidental human pathogen

History, outbreak reports; Disease, microbiology, virulence determinants

Legionella in the environment: 

biofilms and life cycle; Intracellular features in amoebae: diversion from the endocytic pathway, LVC, OMV

An accidental human pathogen. 

Infection of alveolar macrophagesOverview of the immune response; Infection Control via autophagy and type I and II IFNs; Uncontrolled infection extensive inflammation and infiltrative pneumonia

Second part: Tuberculosis

1.the disease, overview of the immune response

2. Phagosome maturation blockade by M. tuberculosis

3. targeting host cathepsins

4. targeting host microRNAs

5. Control through programmed cell death and inflammation:

Inflammasome activation by Koch’s bacilli

6. Concluding remarks: strategies for Host directed therapies

3 AULA Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana:Estratégias invasivas de enteropatogenos

22 Março 2022, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

Invasive strategies of enteropathogens: invading the epithelia  

• Invading epithelial cells: Listeria, Yersinia, Shigella and Salmonella
• Intracellular pathogens: internalization step in epithelia an invasive process
• The actin Cytoskeleton was the first target investigated during Listeria infection. Microfilaments and cell-to-cell junctions.
• Listeria the first multifactorial model: internalization, endosomal escape, actin comets, autophagy and mitochondria fragmentation
• Yersinia and invasive phagocytosis in epithelia and impairment the phagocytic capacities of macrophages/cell death. T3SS and YOPs. Differences  of enteropathogenic Yersinia spp with Y. pestis
• Macropinocytic internalization of Shigella and Salmonella. T3SS.
• Shigella virulence determinants, intracellular trafficking, escape to autophagy and local inflammation.
• Salmonella SPI-1 and 2, invasion and establishment of intracellular niches. Overcoming microbiota and the inflammatory response. Differences between typhoid and non typhoid serovars.

2 AULA do Módulo1 Microbiologia Humana: Microrganismos na saúde e na doença: barreiras à invasão, microbiota e disbiose

15 Março 2022, 14:00 • Elsa Anes

Microrganismos na saúde e na doença: barreiras à invasão, microbiota e disbiose 

Surface barriers and mucosa immunity mechanisms

Complement

External barriers and innate mechanisms

Mucosae: metaplasia cells; mucins; tight junctionsand barrier disruption, microbiota, innate lymphoid cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes

Professional phagocytes

1  neutrophils (NETs) .

2  macrophages; the endocytic pathway and the microbicidal effectors, distinct activating states

3 Dendritic cells from phagocytes to antigen presenting cells.  

Microorganisms in health and disease: 

Microbiota in homeostasis and dysbiosis during infections. Relation with ILC, intraepithelial lymphocytes Th17 and T-Regs