Sumários

Lecture 7: Bacterial toxins and bacterial adhesion

20 Abril 2020, 17:00 • Elsa Anes

Lecture 7: Bacterial toxins and bacterial adhesion

Bacterial toxins

Classification of Bacterial toxins

Effects of Endotoxins on Humans

Exotoxins: types I,II and III: mode of action and role in disease

Bacterial adhesion

The role of pili in disease

First evaluation

6 Abril 2020, 17:00 • Elsa Anes

First evaluation

Lecture 6: Invasive strategies of enteropathogens: invading the epithelia  

30 Março 2020, 17:00 • Elsa Anes

Invasive strategies of enteropathogens: invading the epithelia  

  • Invading epithelial cells: Listeria, Yersinia, Shigella and Salmonella
  • Intracellular pathogens: internalization step in epithelia an invasive process
  • The actin Cytoskeleton was the first target investigated during Listeria infection. Microfilaments and cell-to-cell junctions.
  • Listeria the first multifactorial model: internalization, endosomal escape, actin comets, autophagy and mitochondria fragmentation
  • Yersinia and invasive phagocytosis in epithelia and impairment the phagocytic capacities of macrophages/cell death. T3SS and YOPs. Differences  of enteropathogenic Yersinia spp with Y. pestis
  • Macropinocytic internalization of Shigella and Salmonella. T3SS.
  • Shigella virulence determinants, intracellular trafficking, escape to autophagy and local inflammation.
  • Salmonella SPI-1 and 2, invasion and establishment of intracellular niches. Overcoming microbiota and the inflammatory response. Differences between typhoid and non typhoid species.

Lecture 5: Innate immunity (2ndPart). Microbes in health and disease

23 Março 2020, 17:00 • Elsa Anes


First Part: Surface barriers and phagocytic cells that patrols epithelia. 

1 Phagocytic cells: neutrophils (NETs) .

2 Phagocytic cells: macrophages; the endocytic pathway and the microbicidal effectors

3 Dendritic cells and Innate lymphoid cells.  

4 External barriers and innate mechanisms .

5Mucosae: metaplasia cells; mucins; tight junctions and barrier disruption Surface barriers and phagocytic cells that patrols epithelia 

6 Microorganisms in health and disease: Microbiota in homeostasis and dysbiosis during infections. Relation with ILC, Th17 and T-Regs 


Second Part: Microorganisms in health and disease.

 Endogenous retroviruses, species evolution and acquisition of innate immunity

Mechanisms leading to the endogenization of viral elements into cell genome 

• General characteristics of endogenous viral elements (EVE) 

• Role of endogenous retroviruses (ERV) in human disease 

• Physiologic roles of ERV : Placentation • Muscles fibers • Immune function 


Lecture 4: Innate Immunity:
 a common end for different strategies (first part)

16 Março 2020, 17:00 • Elsa Anes

Innate Immunity:
 a common end for different strategies (first part)

1 The innate immunity inducers and sensors: MAMPS, DAMPS and soluble receptors-Complement; integral protein receptors-TLRs, cytosolic receptors.  

2 TLR signalling in the epithelia and mucosae.

3 Mediators and effectors of innate immunity sensors: cells and secretion of antimicrobial peptides, pro inflammatory cytokines, IFNγ, phagolysosome fusion,  oxidative burst, TNFα,  IL1β, type I interferons,

4 Cytosolic receptors for sensing intracellular pathogens: NLRs and the inflammasome,RNA sensors, DNA sensors, the sequestosome.

5 Programmed cell death and innate immunity